ISSN: 2636-8498
Characterization and optimization of palm industry ash waste (PIAW) derived zeolites using central composite cesign (CCD)
1Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP), Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang, MALAYSIA
2CH Biotech Sdn Bhd, Kancil str. 3&4, 36400 Hutan Melintang, Teluk Intan, Perak, MALAYSIA
Environmental Research & Technology 2018; 4(1): 27-33
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Abstract

solid waste by palm industries into environment. PIAW, mostly Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) comprising silica and alumina was discarded as non-profit oriented products, thus this work is about PIAW, essentially POFA derived zeolites using ultrasound irradiation. Performance of POFA was characterized, and process optimization was done by employing CCD. Pre-treated POFA as feedstock and formed zeolites were designated and analyzed using X-Ray Fluorescence (X-RF), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrum and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) diagram. Alkaline concentration (0.6 M-1.4M), irradiation time (140 min-160 min) and KOH/POFA (1.5:1-2.5:1) were examined as non-constant variables. Otherwise, ultrasonic power (600W), temperature (80°C) and silica alumina ratio were justified as constant and response variables. An optimal synthesized zeolites as ratio of SiO2 and Al2O3 (10.60) was found from surface plot based on quadratic typical at KOH=1 M, KOH/POFA=2 and time=150 min. Presence of A, P, X and irregular shape structures zeolites are commensurable to another resources, mainly fly ash. These findings are also important for waste reduction, recycling and zeolites synthesis from material under economic value.