Bio-electroactive fuel cells are systems that produce useful products from renewable sources without causing environmental pollution and treating waste. In this study, general design properties, operation mechanisms, application areas, and historical advancement of the bio-electroactive fuel cell was reviewed. Electricity generating microbial fuel cells offer new opportunities as with hydrogen and methane-producing microbial electrolysis cells due to their attractive variety of electroactive microorganisms and operating situations. This article provides an up-to-date review for Bio-electroactive fuel cells and outlines instructions for future studies.